Common diseases in dogs

Dogs, like people, sometimes get sick. Early detection of a medical concern can help your veterinarian diagnose and recommend a treatment plan to get your pet back on track and feeling good as quickly as possible.

Here are some common conditions that your veterinarian will screen for with a comprehensive physical examination and perhaps additional diagnostics:

Osteoarthritis
Unlike sprains and joint injuries, osteoarthritis tends to have a slow and gradual onset of joint pain, stiffness and reduced activity. Both large and small dogs should be screened for osteoarthritis. It is a very common condition that can affect 2 out of every 5 dogs. Dogs can feel joint pain much earlier than we are able to detect, since the signs may be subtle and can wax and wane. While there is no cure for osteoarthritis, early diagnosis and appropriate pain medication, weight control and exercise can help your dog enjoy an active lifestyle and maintain their quality of life.
If you are wondering if your dog is suffering from osteoarthritis-related pain, download this helpful checklist.

Lower urinary tract disease seems to be more frequent in dogs than conditions that affect the kidney. Infections or crystals can cause inflammation and discomfort. Female dogs seem to be more prone to bacterial cystitis whereas male dogs can be prone to crystals or urinary stones that can cause a blockage creating an emergency medical situation that is essential to detect early. Watch for any of the following signs: straining or discomfort while urinating, blood in urine, not being able to urinate, excessive licking of genitals, not eating or drinking.

Hypothyroidism
If your dog gains weight but is not eating more than usual, it could be because their thyroid gland is not doing its job. Hypothyroidism can also show itself by a lack of appetite, loss of hair/fur, flaky skin, dull coat, droopy eyelids, and lack of energy. Your veterinarian can run specific blood tests to investigate this condition and recommend medication that will help support the thyroid gland and get them feeling well again.

Diabetes
Like humans, dogs can suffer from diabetes. Risk factors of diabetes in dogs includes age and breed. Dogs that are 5 years or older, or of the following breeds, appear to be predisposed: Australian Terrier, Bichon Frise, Cairn Terrier, Fox Terrier, Keeshond, Lhasa Apsos, Miniature Poodles, Miniature Schnauzer, Samoyeds, Spitzes, Toy poodles and Yorkshire Terriers. Unspayed female dogs also seem to be at higher risk. Your veterinarian may recommend screening for diabetes if the following signs are observed.



Gastrointestinal upsets
Dogs with bad breath, diarrhea, or who are vomiting, may be need immediate attention. Other common signs of stomach upset include a lack of appetite, and changes in bowel movements. Many different conditions can cause these signs. To try to find out exactly what is wrong, veterinarians may recommend doing procedures such as x-rays or blood tests. They may also recommend different treatments, from a temporary diet change to hospitalization for more severe illness.

Cancer
With today's advances in modern medicine, dogs are living longer and healthier lives. However, the risk of developing diseases associated with old age, such as cancer, is increasing. About 1 in 4 dogs will develop a tumour during their lifetime and almost 50% of dogs over 10 years old will die of a cancer-related disease. Early detection and surgery can often achieve a positive outcome. In cases, where surgery is not possible, specialized care can help many pets live with certain cancers.

Eye infections
Eye redness, swollen eyelids, eye discharge, and frequent scratching or rubbing of the eyes may be clinical signs of an eye infection. Your veterinarian will be able to provide sound recommendations as this can sometimes be a mild problem treated easily, however some eye problems can become serious quickly and lead to serious infections and/or permanent vision problems.

Dental disease
Dogs can develop gingivitis, calculus and other teeth conditions that can cause pain, infections and inflammation in other parts of the body such as the heart. It is important to have your dog’s teeth checked on a regular basis and your veterinarian may recommend dental x-rays to help detect problems early. Regular dental care can help keep your dog’s mouth healthy and pain free. Teeth brushing is important and your veterinarian can recommend a specific dog-friendly toothbrush and toothpaste. Keep an eye on your pets chewing habits and breath smell. Bad breath is an important sign of dental disease.

Switch to common feline diseases section

Return to main dog page
Return to main cat page